Thailand, officially known as the Kingdom of Thailand, is a sovereign country in Southeast Asia with an estimated population of approximately 69.9 million as of 2024. The majority of the population are ethnic Thais, alongside smaller minority groups residing throughout the country. The official language is Thai, and English is widely taught and used as a secondary language, particularly in educational and professional contexts. The predominant religion is Theravada Buddhism, followed by Islam, Christianity, and other religions. Thailand is governed under a constitutional monarchy, in which the King serves as the Head of State and the Prime Minister serves as the Head of Government. Legislative authority is vested in a bicameral National Assembly comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate.
Thailand is classified as an upper-middle-income economy with a diversified economic structure encompassing manufacturing, agriculture, services, and tourism. The country remains export-oriented, and international trade continues to play a significant role in national economic performance. Tourism also constitutes a major source of income, attracting millions of visitors annually.
King is head of state and prime minister is head of the government. Thai parliament adopts bi-cameral systems called National Assembly or Rathasapha,which comprises two houses: the House of Representatives (Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon) and Senate. The House of Representatives has 480 members. Thailand is a heavily-export dependent economy, with exports accounting for nearly 70% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2010. Besides, tourism sector also contributes significantly to Thailand’s economy.
